The patient pool for cancer therapies is rising at a higher rate than the growth rate in population across the ten Latin American pharmaceutical markets, a trend primarily driven by the rising life expectancies across the populations; prostate cancer is the most common malignancy developed by men, and is the second leading cancer-related cause of death in men, surpassed only by lung cancer. Over 70,000 men were estimated to have developed the disease in 2004 across the ten markets. Lung cancer is responsible for the greatest number of cancer-related deaths over the ten markets. Almost 52,000 men and women were estimated to have developed lung cancer in 2004, with almost 49,000 mortalities. Incidence and prevalence of lung cancer are forecast to rise as rates of smoking increase over the ten markets. Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer developed by women and also the leading cause of cancer-related mortality for woman. Over 86,000 women were estimated to have developed breast cancer in 2004. Due to further integration of early screening tests for breast cancer, rates of mortality are expected to decline over the forecast years while rates of incidence remain high. Colorectal cancer is the fourth most commonly developed cancer across the ten markets, after prostate, breast, and uterine cancers. Over 52000 men and women were estimated to have developed the disease in 2004 across the ten markets. In line with the average age of the population, colorectal cancer is expected to rise over the forecast years. Over 15,000 women were estimated to have developed ovarian cancer across the ten markets in 2004, a figure forecast to rise in line with the rising life expectancies of the population.